Disulfiram (Antabuse) – What It Is and How It Works

If you’ve tried to quit drinking and keep slipping back, you may have heard of Disulfiram, sold as Antabuse. It’s a prescription drug that makes alcohol taste terrible. The idea is simple: you drink, you feel sick, so you think twice before reaching for another drink.

How Disulfiram Works

Disulfiram blocks an enzyme called aldehyde dehydrogenase. When you drink alcohol, your body turns it into acetaldehyde, then quickly changes that into harmless acetate. With Disulfiram on board, the second step slows down, so acetaldehyde builds up in your bloodstream. High acetaldehyde levels cause flushing, headache, rapid heartbeat, nausea, and sometimes vomiting. The reaction starts within 10 minutes of drinking and can last for an hour or more.

Because the reaction is uncomfortable, many people use Disulfiram as a deterrent. It’s not a cure for alcoholism; it’s a tool that works best when you have motivation to stay sober and support from a therapist or support group.

Using Disulfiram Safely

Before you start, get a thorough medical check‑up. Your doctor will review your liver function, heart health, and any other meds you take. Disulfiram can interact with medicines like metronidazole, certain antibiotics, and some over‑the‑counter cough syrups. Mixing it with any alcohol‑containing product—including mouthwash, aftershave, and some sauces—can also trigger a reaction.

Take the tablet exactly as prescribed, usually once a day. Most doctors start with a low dose and raise it after a few weeks. If you miss a dose, don’t double up; just continue with the regular schedule. Keep a list of all products that contain alcohol and check labels before using them.

Common side effects beyond the alcohol reaction include drowsiness, metallic taste, skin rash, and mild headache. If you notice severe symptoms like persistent vomiting, blurry vision, or a rapid heartbeat that doesn’t go away, call your doctor right away.

Remember, Disulfiram works best when you’re committed to change. Pair it with counseling, a support group, or a structured program. The drug can give you a safety net, but the real work is building new habits and coping strategies.

Bottom line: Disulfiram creates a strong physical reminder not to drink. If you’re ready to stay sober and can follow the safety steps, it can be a valuable part of your recovery toolbox.